Metal-ceramic prostheses: production, cost of prosthetics and care

• Date of: 25.04.2017
• Author: adekstom
• In: Useful articles

Dental prosthetics is a very popular service in dentistry. This technology is used to restore dentition, because the loss of one tooth can lead to the loosening and loss of others. Prosthetics restore the functions of the masticatory apparatus and also restore the aesthetic appearance of your smile. However, before this procedure, you should learn more about the manufacture of dentures, their repair, as well as the materials from which they are made. This article will help you understand the main aspects of this issue and make the right decision.

Types of prosthetics

Dentures are removable and non-removable:

• Non-removable structures are those that the patient cannot remove on his own. These are bridges and crowns. They are used to replace lost teeth. The design of these prostheses is quite complex. It is complemented by supporting crowns. For the manufacture of such dentures, reliable and durable materials are used that can withstand heavy loads. These structures can be either soldered or solid.
• Removable dentures are so called because the patient can remove them independently. Such installations can be complete or partial. This type of design consists of three main parts. These are, firstly, fastening elements, and secondly, artificial teeth. The basis of such an installation is the basis. With the help of the base it is fixed to the gum.

To attach complete dentures, materials that have suction properties are used. If you have healthy teeth, everything can be fixed more securely. For this purpose, locking connections or clasps are used. Clasp dentures are one of the types of removable structures. They are more durable in operation. Therefore, production is more complex and painstaking. Metal in the form of an arc frame is the basis for this installation. The artificial teeth are fixed on the base.

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Manufacturing technology

Before starting prosthetics, the dentist carries out the necessary preparation. To begin with, the teeth and gums are very thoroughly cleaned of plaque and deposits. If necessary, dental treatment is performed. When the preparatory stage is completed, the taking of impressions for the manufacture of a denture begins. A special spoon, also called an impression tray, is inserted into the patient’s mouth. It contains a plastic mass from which the impression is made.

After this, the impression is sent to the dental technician. In a specialized laboratory, a plaster base is made based on the impression. The gypsum has all the necessary contours to create an anatomically accurate structure.

One of the manufacturing methods is stamping. However, today this method is considered outdated and is rarely used. This was due to the fact that the prostheses made in this way did not correspond to the anatomical features of each patient.

Modern dentistry uses the casting method. This method is more effective and convenient, but also more expensive. This technology is more complicated, but allows you to make very precise, high-quality designs. This is how clasp dentures are made.

Timing of prosthetics on implants

If the patient chose implantation to restore teeth, the final stage may occur in six months or longer. This is due to the fact that before the installation of prostheses you have to undergo several procedures and operations. In particular, when using the classical technique, before obtaining the final result it is necessary:

• insert artificial roots into the jaw - implants;
• wait until the rods are overgrown with bone tissue and stabilized;
• undergo the second surgical stage of implantation to install the former;
• after two weeks, install the abutment and take impressions to make the crown;
• do a fitting and, if necessary, correction of the prosthesis.

After all these manipulations, the time comes to install a permanent artificial tooth. The general time frame for prosthetics, including implantation, in this case can range from four to seven months.

Materials for dental prosthetics

Various materials are used to make dentures. These can be various metals, plastics, nylon, composite materials, cermets and ceramics.

Safe, but very expensive are gold, as well as alloys of palladium or platinum. These materials are perfect for ceramic inserts.

Some alloys, on the contrary, can cause allergies. Like, for example, an alloy of chromium and nickel or cobalt. Although it is worth noting that these materials also have their advantages.

Zirconium oxide looks attractive . This material is perfect for front teeth. Titanium is one of the best options for dental prosthetics. It is biologically neutral, does not cause allergies and is wear-resistant.

An inexpensive, accessible and reliable material is plastic . Despite many advantages, plastic also has its disadvantages. This material absorbs odors and changes color when exposed to dyes and bacteria in the oral cavity.

Nylon is becoming increasingly popular. It is reliable in operation, fastens well and is completely harmless. Nylon is not subject to deformation and is resistant to moisture. This is an excellent choice of material for prosthetics.

Ceramics is a material that is very similar to natural teeth. With its help you can hide imperfections. Metal ceramics have greater strength and are much more reliable; they are not afraid of mechanical loads.

Composite materials are used to give the tooth the required shape. They represent polymer compounds. With their help you can restore a tooth.

Design Features

Orthopedic systems made of metal-ceramics have a reliable frame made of a metal alloy, lined with ceramic mass, close in color to natural enamel. The coating is applied in layers - each layer is exposed to high temperature (baked). This ensures strong adhesion of materials and good aesthetics of the prosthesis - the risk of chipping the lining is reduced to zero.

Repair of dentures

They try to make dentures durable and wear-resistant. Such that they can withstand prolonged mechanical stress and not break. Despite this, sometimes even the best quality prostheses break. The worst thing is when their base cracks.

The causes of breakdowns can be very diverse:

• Poor quality. The most common reason. The design may break because it was made incorrectly, from low-quality materials or without meeting technological requirements.
• Loose fit to the gum. If the denture does not fit well to the gum, this leads to its loosening, which can also cause breakage.
• Loss of an abutment tooth A denture may become unusable if the abutment tooth that supported the structure falls out. The dental unit may develop defects or cracks.
• Incorrect use of the prosthesis. In addition to manufacturing errors, the cause of failure can be the incorrect use of this installation. It may be subject to too much stress or mechanical stress.
• Lack of proper care. The oral cavity after prosthetics requires careful care. Neglecting basic hygiene rules can lead to the structure becoming unusable.

In addition, the service life of the prosthesis may simply end. After a certain period has expired, another should be done.

Breakage very often leads to the fact that the prosthesis can no longer be used. But there are also cases when you can limit yourself to repairs. A minor breakdown in a metal-ceramic installation can be fixed in one day.

To repair and solve the problem, you should seek help from a dental technician. He is the one who knows how to fix this or that structure. For repairs, he uses special substances and resins that can glue the damaged prosthesis and it will be like new. If a tooth falls off from the nylon structure, the technician can make a new one and restore the integrity of the denture.

Repairs begin with cleaning. First, the entire structure must be cleaned of dirt. Next comes the damage assessment. If they are not serious, you can use glue; more complex cases require more thorough repairs. If the denture has changed color, it can be easily corrected and soon your smile will shine again.

Some people believe that they can do the repairs themselves, but without proper education and materials, you can ruin the prosthesis and even harm your health. The work of repairing damaged structures should be left to a specialist. After all, he uses a special glue that does not harm the body, and you cannot use it at home.

If the denture is not repaired correctly, parts may break off. This could cause serious injury. Therefore, it is better to entrust repairs to a professional.

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Manufacturing time for dentures

Many patients are interested in the time it takes to manufacture a prosthetic installation. The timing may vary, depending on both the material and the type of fixation. The structure can be fixed on a pin, implant or natural tooth.

It is difficult to give an exact time for making a denture. It depends on how busy the dental technician is, on the type of material and method of attachment. If the laboratory load is low, the approximate production time for any installation can be reduced.

Nylon dentures take about 7 or 10 days to complete on average, as do aluminum or zirconia crowns. For plastic you need 5 or 10. Approximately the same period will be needed for metal-ceramics and metal-plastic. Metal and ceramic crowns will require 4 to 7 days.

Clasp dentures take the longest to produce. The timing of their production depends on the method of fastening. Prostheses with hooks are made in 12 days, with attachments from 20 days. The same amount is spent on structures with telescopic crowns.

We hope that this information about materials, technologies and production times for dentures will help you avoid many mistakes when choosing a denture. And knowledge about possible damage and repairs will help extend its service life and not harm your health.

Which removable dentures are best?

Each of the dentures has its own competitive features, advantages and nuances:

• It is believed that nylon removable dentures are more comfortable for patients to wear, they are soft, bend well, and do not provoke allergies and irritation;
• if dropped on a hard surface, the base of nylon removable dentures will not be damaged, but acrylic analogues risk cracking;
• Also, acrylic dentures are much more durable, they are better fixed to the mucous membrane of the human oral cavity.

Each person may have personal characteristics in adapting the prosthesis. Thus, at the stage of planning prosthetics, a person does not yet know whether he will be satisfied with the aesthetics and quality of chewing food with the help of an installed removable denture. The listed factors are individual - everything comes in comparison and after some time, until the final adaptation to the removable denture occurs.

Of course, removable dentures are not as comfortable as dental implants and permanent bridges, but the latter two options are much more expensive. For older people, removable dentures are a reasonable and affordable solution to the problem of completely missing teeth.